中五 生物試卷 (F5 Biology Past Paper)

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F5 E / Div b/Div c Class No.:
St. Stephen's Girls' College
Final Examination 2019-2020
Biology (SECTION B)
SECTION B (Question-Answer Paper B)
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SECTION B
Write your class, class number and name in the space provided on this page.
The questions in this Question-Answer Paper carry 70 marks. Answer ALL questions.
3. Write your answers to Section B in the spaces provided in this Question-Answer Paper.
Supplementary answer sheets will be provided on request. Write your class, class number and name
on each sheet.
5. Present your answers in paragraphs wherever appropriate.
6. The diagrams in this section are NOT necessarily drawn to scale.
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
9. (a) The Galapagos are an isolated group of islands in the Pacific Ocean and are best known for
their unique biodiversity. There are at least 13 species of finches living on the islands.
Scientists believe that these finches have evolved from a single species which came to the
islands about three million years ago from the mainland of South America. The diagram
below shows the evolutionary relationship between some species of the finches based on their
DNA base sequence:
Geospiza magnirostris
Geospiza fortis
Camarhynchus psittacula
(i) What assumption is made in constructing the evolutionary relationship based on the base
sequence of DNA?
Camarhynchus pauper
Cactospiza heliobates
Certhidea fusca
(ii) Which two genera are the most closely related?
(iii) Which species is the most distantly related to Geospiza fortis?
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Describe how it is possible to confirm whether two finches belong to different species
or the same species.
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
(b) Scientists began to study the population of Geospiza fortis, on Daphne Major of the Galapags
in 1973. The finches eat two kinds of seeds: small seeds from spurge plants, and hard, larger
seeds from caltrop plants. Those finches with larger beaks were able to crack open the caltrop
seeds than those with smaller seeds. In 1977, Daphne Major experienced a severe drought an
most of the spurge plants died. Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the range of beak depths of the
finches hatched before the drought in 1976 and after the drought in 1978, respectively:
Number of finches
7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3
Beak depth (mm)
Number of finches
Describe the change in the average beak depth of the G. fortis population between 1976 and
1978. Explain the reasons for the change.
- End of Paper -
Page 22 of 22
dden anden Figure 2
7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8 10.3 10.8 11.3
Beak depth (mm)
(Total: 9 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
1. The diagram on the right shows the bones and muscles of a
person's arm.
(a) What types of movable joint are L and M?
(ii) describe how this hormone lowers the blood glucose level.
(b) What is the difference in the degree of movement allowed by joints L and M?
(iii) suggest why this body response is important.
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2. It is important that the human body can respond to both external and internal stimuli.
(a) With reference to the body's response to an increase in the blood glucose level,
(i) name the key hormone which lowers the blood glucose level.
(c) Outline how ligaments and tendons work together to allow joint M to move and lift up the
dumbbell as shown in the diagram.
(Total: 8 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
(b) Contrast the coordination between pupil reflex in response to strong light and the body's
response to the change in blood glucose level.
3. Photograph X shows the structure of a synapse, as
seen under an electron microscope.
Photograph X
Answer the following questions with reference to Photograph X.
(a) What is the functional relationship between A and B?
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(Total: 11 marks)
(b) Some drug molecules bind with the receptor sites on membrane C of the next neurone. How
does this affect the functioning of the synapse?
(Total: 4 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
4(a) Hospitals can check to see if a strain of bacteria causing an infection is resistant to a range of
antibiotics by using a multodisc. A multodisc contains different antibiotics.
The bacteria are isolated from a patient.
The bacteria are spread on nutrient agar in a Petri dish.
- The multodisc is placed on the agar.
The diagram below shows a Petri dish with the bacteria, in which is placed a multodisc
containing six different antibiotics.
with nutrient
(i) Explain why there are clear areas of agar in the Petri dish.
tetracycline
amoxicillin
streptomycin
sulfonamide
(ii) Using the above diagram, name the antibiotic that is most effective against the bacteria
causing the infection.
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(iii) Suggest two reasons why a hospital might use a multodisc to select the most suitable
antibiotic for treating a patient.
(b) Drugs, such as antibiotics, are often first discovered in the natural environment. Give one
reason why it may become increasingly difficult to discover new drugs in the future.
(Total: 5 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
5. Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious viral disease that may attack the motor neurones of
the central nervous system, and cause paralysis and death. Although polio has plagued humans
since ancient times, its most extensive outbreak occurred during the middle of the past century.
The graph below shows the incidence of polio in Britain over a fifty-year period.
cases (10³) 4
vaccine introduced
(a) A vaccination was introduced in 1955. Calculate the percentage decrease in the number of
cases in the first year of vaccination. Show your workin
(b) The vaccine contains weakened (attenuated) virus particles. Explain how this
in long-term immunity.
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(c) The vaccination programme involves a first dose shortly after birth, and then three further
doses prior to school entry. Explain why more than one dose of the vaccine is necessary.
(Total: 7 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
6. The diagram below shows a nucleotide pair in a DNA molecule:
(a) Name the components of the nucleotide labelled P, Q and R.
(b) Explain how the structure of DNA molecule makes DNA ideal for storing genetic
information.
(c) In 1949, Erwin Chargaff carried out research on the percentage of each of the four bases in
the DNA sample of different organisms. His results provided important evidence for the
model of DNA proposed by James Waston and Francis Crick in 1953.
The table below shows some of Chargaff's data:
Percentage of Percentage of
adenine (A)
thymine (T)
Percentage of
cytosine (C)
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Percentage of
guanine (G)
With reference to the above table, explain how Chargaff's data provide evidence for base
pairing in DNA.
(Total: 8 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
7. (a) Complete the following paragraph with suitable words selected from the list below. (5 marks)
polypeptide ribosome
Translation stop
Met-Leu-Gly-Gln
anticodons codons transcription
After transcription, a molecule of mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and
attaches to a (i)
The codons at one end of the mRNA attract the
in the (iii)
complementary (ii)
with their attached amino acids. The ribosome brings the attached amino acids into a position
where a peptide bond can form between them. The ribosome moves along the mRNA and adds
one amino acid at a time to the growing chain until a (iv)
reached. The completed (v)
is then released from the ribosome.
(b) The diagram below illustrates a biochemical process that occurs in the cytoplasm of a human
AUGCUCGGACAGGUGCGUCGAUCC...
(i) Using the information in the diagram, fill in the following table.
Leucine (Leu)
Glycine (Gly)
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Glutamine (Gln)
(ii) Using the information in the diagram, state the triplet code on the template strand of DNA
that marks the beginning of a gene.
(Total: 9 marks)
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
8. In humans, red-green colour blindness is a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele, which
appears only on the X chromosome.
(a) State the genetic term used to describe the inheritance pattern of red-green colour blindness.
(b) The pedigree below shows the inheritance of red-green colour blindness in a family:
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Male with normal colour vision
Colour-blind male
(i) Deduce the genotype of individual 4 without using a genetic diagram.
Female with normal colour vision
Colour-blind female
Form 5 Biology Final Examination 2019-2020 (SECTION B)
(ii) Individuals 4 and 5 are going to have another child. With the aid of a genetic diagram,
find the probability of this child being red-green colour-blind.
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(Total: 9 marks)