中四 生物試卷 (F4 Biology Past Paper)
▼ 圖片只作預覽, 如欲下載整份卷, 請按「免費成為會員」 ▼
▲ 圖片只作預覽, 如欲下載整份卷, 請按「免費成為會員」 ▲中四生物試卷 PDF 下載
下載試卷只限會員尊享
內容節錄：
Secondary 4
Instructions:
This paper consists of TWO sections, A and B.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (30 marks)
Belilios Public School
Half-yearly Examination, 2015 - 2016
Section B: Structured questions (70 marks)
Put the best answer on the Multiple Choice Answer sheet.
Biology Class No. :
Write your answers in the space provided in the Question-Answer Book.
Time allowed: 2 hours
Maximum marks: 100
Directions: Questions 20 and 21 refer to the experiment shown below:
20. The gas in the froth could
relight a glowing splint.
B. turn lime water milky.
turn red litmus paper blue.
burn with a pop sound in the air.
Which of the following were the explanations of the results?
A. (1) and (2) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
solution of
concentration
(1) Potatoes contained catalase.
(2) Potato discs contained more enzyme than a potato cylinder.
(3) Potato discs provided a larger surface area for the action of enzymes.
A. It works at room temperature.
B. It only works at low pH range.
It is specific.
It is heat stable.
Glucose in urine can be detected using a biochemical test. When the end of a test strip,
which is impregnated with the enzyme glucose oxidase, is dipped into urine, the
development of a blue colour indicates that glucose is present.
This is a reliable test that people with diabetes can carry out at home. Which feature of the
enzyme makes this test so reliable?
23. Enzyme action can be explained by the lock and key hypothesis. The figure below shows
four stages in an enzyme-controlled chemical reaction.
Where is the active site and which acts as the lock or key?
where active site is found
Which is a correct description of the effect of this growth?
24. The plant leaf cell shown is cubic in shape and has sides 10 um long. The cell grows until its
sides are 20 µm long.
lock or key
Y acts as a key
Y acts a lock
X acts as a key
W acts as a lock
surface area : volume
ratio of cell before growth
surface area : volume
ratio of cell after growth
Effect of growth on rate of
oxygen uptake for respiration
per unit cell mass
25. A quantity of an enzyme was added to a quantity of its substrate. Which graph shows the
change in the concentration of the enzyme-substrate complex over time?
concentration
concentration
B. urinary bladder
C. large intestine
concentration
concentration
26. A person suffers from diarrhoea (the production of watery faceces). Which of his body is not
functioning properly?
27. Which of the following roles of the cell membrane is not a result of the properties of the
phospholipids?
to allow division of cytoplasm to occur in during cell division
B. to allow movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide
C. to allow white blood cell to carry out phagocytosis
D. to allow cell membrane to stabilise by binding with water molecules
Directions: Questions 28 and 29 refer to the graph below, which shows the energy profile for
an enzyme-catalysed reaction.
energy level
28. Which of the following processes correctly matches with the energy profile shown in the
above graph?
progress of reaction
digestion of lipids in the small intestine
B. absorption of water in the small intestine
synthesis of DNA in the nucleus
D. production of glucose in a plant cell during photosynthesis
A. Only P will decrease.
B. Only S will decrease.
C. Only Q will increase.
D. Only Q and R will increase.
B. antibody
D. haemoglobin
29. Which of the following correctly describes the energy change if this reaction is not catalysed
by an enzyme?
30. Which of the following is not an anabolic product of digested egg white?
End of Section A
Go on to the Section B
Do not write on this page
Answers on this page
will not be marked
Section B: Structured questions (70 marks)
1. Answer ALL questions.
2. Write your answers in the space provided in this Question-Answer Book.
Biology Class No. :
Belilios Public School
Half-yearly Examination, 2015 - 2016
●●●●
Section B Question No.
Section B total
Section A total
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
The drawing shows some of the main regions of the alimentary canal in a person.
(a) Name ogan W.
(b) State the importance of acid condition in organ Y to health.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(i) Suggest how secretions from the wall of duodenum affect the pH of the duodenum
What effect would this have on the activity of the enzymes that pass into the duodenum
from organ Y?
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(d) Explain how organs V and Z help the digestion of fat in duodenum.
(e) If the duct at X has been blocked by gall stones for a long time, organ Z will be damaged by
its own digestive juice. Explain how this may happen.
(f) State two functions of organ V other than digestion.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Diagram 1 below shows a drawing of the longitudinal section of a villus from the small
intestine of human. Diagram 2 below shows part of a cell from structure A taken under
the electron microscope.
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬TI
Name the end product of starch digestion.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(ii) Explain how structures D and E assist in the absorption of the molecule named in (i).
(iii) Using letter(s) in the Diagram 1, state the structure(s) inside the villus at which the molecule
named in (i) is absorbed.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(iv) The absorption of digested food can help absorption of water in the small intestine. Explain
The table below shows the rate of absorption of two kinds of sugars, X and Y, in the small
intestine. The rates of absorption when a respiratory inhibitor, cyanide, is present are also
Rate of absorption (arbitrary unit)
Cyanide absent
(i) State two conclusions that can be obtained from the results.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Cyanide present
(ii) Which of the two sugars, X or Y, is absorbed by diffusion only? Explain your answer.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Section A Multiple Choice Questions (30 marks)
Directions: Questions 1 and 2 refer the diagrams below, which show four types of teeth and the
position of permanent teeth in the jaw of humans.
Answer ALL questions.
Put the best answer on the Multiple Choice Answer Sheet provided.
Note that you may only mark ONE answer to each question. Two or more answers will
score NO MARKS.
Which of the following combinations correctly shows the position of the four types of teeth?
Which type of teeth is absent in the milk teeth?
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
3. The diagram below shows the model of cell membrane.
(b) Describe the orientation of molecule Z in the cell membrane.
(c) Name molecule X and describe one possible function of it.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) Describe how molecule Y is oriented and arranged in the cell membrane. Explain your
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(d) Some substances may cross cell membranes by simple diffusion. Vitamin C, however, does
Name one substance that may cross cell membranes by simple diffusion.
(ii) Explain why Vitamin C cannot pass across membranes by simple diffusion.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Mammalian blood is red in colour. If some blood is centrifuged, the heavier blood cells
(including red blood cells) will sink to the bottom and the fluid above the blood cells will
appear light yellow in colour.
1 cm³ of mammalian blood with anti-blood clotting agents was added into three test tubes of
salt solution of different concentrations. The test tubes were shaken well and then centrifuged.
The diagram below shows the different colour of the fluid above the blood cells after
centrifugation.
distilled water
very dilute
salt solution
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) Explain why the fluid in test tube A showed a red colour but that in test tube C did not.
light yellow
concentrated
salt solution
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(b) Explain why the fluid in test tube B showed a lighter red colour than that in test tube A.
(c) If you were given a light microscope, how would you use it to confirm your explanation in
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
The following investigation was set up to examine the effects of stirring on the digestion of
egg white. Each piece of protein was weighed every two hours.
Time (hour)
washing powder
mass of protein (g)
not stirred
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) Explain why no solid material remained in the tube when the protein was completely
stirring rod
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(b) Suggest why stirring can increase the rate at which the protein was digested.
(c) In the body, the stomach achieves a similar effect to stirring. Describe how this is brought
(d) Explain why biological washing powders contain several different types of enzymes.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
When an apple is cut open, the surfaces exposed to the air turn brown due to the production of
brown pigment from catechol. The enzyme catechol oxidase catalyses the reaction.
(colourless substance)
in pple issue
The effect of the concentration of lead ethanoate on this reaction was investigated. 10 g of
apple tissue was cut up, added to 10cm³ of distilled water and then ground and filtered. This
produced an extract containing both catechol and catechol oxidase. Test tubes were set up as
described in Table 1 and kept at 20 °C in a water bath.
catechol oxidase
Every 10 minutes, the tubes were placed in a colorimeter which measured how much brown
pigment was present. The more brown pigment present, the higher the colorimeter reading.
The results are shown in Table 2.
Contents of tubes
sample of extract + 1 cm distilled water
sample of extract + 1 cm³ 0-01% lead ethanoate solution
sample of extract + 1 cm 0-1% lead ethanoate solution
brown pgments
sample of extract +
1 cm³ distilled water
Colorimeter reading (units)
sample of extract +
1 cm³ 0.01% lead
ethanoate solution
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) Plot a graph on the opposite page to show the results for the extract with 0.01% and 0.1%
lead ethanoate solution.
sample of extract + 1 cm
0.1% lead ethanoate
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(b) Identify two variables not mentioned that would have to be kept constant.
(c) Describe how tube A acts as a control in this investigation.
Explain why the initial colorimeter readings were not 0.0 units.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(e) State the effect of the concentration of lead ethanoate solution on the activity of catechol
(f) The experiment was repeated with the 0.1% lead ethanoate solution at 60 °C. Predict the
colorimeter reading at 10 minutes and explain your answer.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
A student observed some Elodea leaf cells. She first mounted the cells in distilled water as
shown in Photomicrograph I. She then added a few drops of concentrated sucrose solution to
the cells and waited for a few minutes. She observed the same cells again as shown in
Photomicrograph II.
Photomicrograph I
(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of cell P in photomicrograph II.
Photomicrograph II
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
End of Section B
End of Paper
(b) What does the appearance of the cell drawn in (a) tell you about the permeability of the cell
membrane surrounding them?
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
Directions:
Questions 3 and 4 refer to the graph below, which shows the digestion of three
types of food substances (X, Y and Z) along the alimentary canal. The width of
each band indicates the amount of the food substances.
food substance
D. X, Y and Z.
X and Y only
Which of the following substance(s) is/are digested in the stomach?
mouth oeso- stomach small
cavity phagus
Food substances X, Y and Z are
alimentary canal
Section A: (30 marks)
Section B: (70 marks)
Belilios Public School
Half-yearly Examination, 2015-2016
S4 Biology Marking Scheme
(ii) enzyme activity decreases
(a) W gall bladder*
(b) - the acid can kill the bacteria present in food
(c) (i) increases pH / more alkaline
21. B 26. C
20. A 25. A
23. D 28. A
organ V produces bile salt
to emulsify / break down lipid into oil droplets
to increase surface area for lipase digestion
organ Z produces lipase
which digests oil droplets into fatty acids and glycerol
(must use letters V and Z to give answer)
breakdown of alcohol
breakdown of excess amino acids
conversion of carotene to vitamin A
storage of iron / vitamin A / vitamin D / glycogen
conversion of excess glucose to glycogen
the pancreatic juice contains protease and lipase
which digest the protein and lipid of cell membrane respectively
Total 13 marks
(a) (i) glucose *
increases surface area
with carrier proteins for diffusion of glucose
with carrier proteins for active transport of glucose
carries out respiration
to release ATP / energy for absorption of glucose by active transport
The absorption of digested food into blood increases the water potential of the (1 mark)
gut content
As a result, water is drawn into the blood by osmosis
higher rate of absorption of sugar X than sugar Y
presence of cyanide reduces the rate of absorption of sugar X
presence of cyanide does not affect the rate of absorption of sugar Y
rate of absorption remains the same in the presence of cyanide
absorption of sugar Y does not require energy from respiration is a
passive process
Total 13 marks
the phosphate head of Y points outward while the hydrocarbon tails of Y point (1 mark)
inward in the bilayer
the medium inside and the medium outside the cell are aqueous solutions
hence only the water-loving phosphate head of Y is in contact with the
cytoplasm and extracellular fluid
Z embed half-way
through the phospholipid bilayer
glycoprotein *
act as an antigen for cell recognition /
act as a receptor for receiving hormones
(d) (i) fatty acid / glycerol / vitamin A / vitamin D
Vitamin C is polar
repelled by phospholipid bilayer / cannot dissolve in phospholipid bilayer
Total 10 marks
in test tube A, water potential of distilled water is higher than that of the
cytoplasm of red blood cells
net movement of water into the cells by osmosis
the red blood cells burst and
release of haemoglobin makes the solution red in colour
in test tube C, water potential of concentrated salt solution is lower than that of (1 mark)
the cytoplasm of red blood cells
net movement of water out of the cells by osmosis and the hence red blood
cells did not burst
only some of the red blood cells have a lower water potential than that of the
very dilute salt solution and hence net movement of water into the cells by
only some red blood cells burst and hence a smaller amount of haemoglobin
(b) stirring increases the chance of collision between enzyme and substrate
take some fluid from tube A and some solid matter from the bottom of tube
B and observe them under the microscope
no intact cells can be found in the fluid from A while some can be found in
the solid matter from tube B
biological washing powder solution contains protease
digest protein into smaller molecules
which are soluble in water
contraction of the muscle layer of stomach wall
enzymes are specific in action
can only digest one type of molecule
stains are made from different molecules
Total 10 marks
Total 8 marks
Title (T): The change in the colorimeter readings in two tubes at different time
choice of axes (A)
with labels (L)
X: time (minutes); Y: colorimeter reading (units)
points for each set of data plotted and points jointed with discrete lines/ smooth
Colorimeter
volume of extract
time left in colorimeter / out of water bath
Tool to lead ethanote
Orl Pd lead ethanote
shows that the enzyme can work without the lead ethanoate / lead ethanoate
inhibits the enzyme
Time (minutes)
enzyme started working before lead ethanoate is added / browning reaction.
occurred as soon as the apple is cut
as concentration of lead ethanoate solution increases, the activity of enzyme
decreases the enzyme is inhibited more
any figure from 1.6 and less than 2.0 (must give a figure)
enzyme is denatured at 60°C
Total 12 marks
Title (T): Structure of Elodea cell P in concentrated sucrose solution (400X)
Drawing (D) shows sign of plasmolysis, correct cell shape and cell content
Labels (L) (any 2) : cell wall*, cell membrane*, cytoplasm*, chloroplast*,
chloroplast.
cell membrane
Structure of Elodea cell P in concentrated sucrose solution (400X)
cell membrane is permeable to water but not sucrose
Total 4 marks
Directions:
Questions 5 and 6 refer to the following diagram which shows part of the human
alimentary canal, with a string marked in metres beside.
string marked
Sphincter at X
Which of the following correctly describes the action of sphincters at X and Y in the above
Sphincter at Y
A. digestion
B. digestion and absorption
C. absorption and assimilation
D. digestion, absorption and assimilation
If the alimentary canal is cut at 2 and 7 metres, which of the following process(es) will be
Which statements are true for all enzymes?
Directions:
They are proteins.
They are secreted into the gut.
They speed up biochemical reactions.
None of them work at low pH.
(1) and (3) only
B. (1) and (4) only
(2) and (3) only
(2) and (4) only
Questions 8 and 9 refer to the diagram below, which shows the route of transport
of absorbed food in our body.
hepatic vein
B. hepatic portal vein
C. hepatic vein
D. hepatic portal vein
A. galactose
C. vitamin C
Which of the following correctly matches vessels P, Q and R?
hepatic artery
hepatic artery
hepatic artery
hepatic vein
Which of the following food substances is not transported along the above route?
hepatic vein
hepatic portal vein
10. An investigation was carried out into the effect of various chemicals on the permeability of
the cell membrane and vacuolar membrane of beetroot cells. Beetroot cell vacuoles contain a
red pigment, which cannot pass out of the cells because it cannot diffuse through their
vacuolar membrane and cell membranes.
1 cm³ cubes were cut from beetroot and washed in running water for twenty minutes to
remove any pigment released from damaged cells. They were then placed in different
solutions and the results observed. In each case the solution turned red.
What shows the correct behaviour of phospholipids and proteins in different solutions?
water at 40°C
phospholipid
11. The diagram shows two plant cells, X and Y. The water potential of cell X is -1100 arbitrary
units while cell Y has -1400 arbitrary units.
In which direction and by what process will water move between two cells?
active transport
active transport
water at 40°C
Directions:
Questions 12 and 13 refer to the following diagram which shows an experiment on
osmosis using a potato tuber. A washed potato was cut to form a base. After that, a
cavity was made and water (X) was added to the cavity. The whole potato was then
placed into a glass dish containing 10% sucrose solution (Y) at room temperature.
potato skin
12. Which of the following correctly describes the volumes of X and Y after 12 hours?
Volume of X
14. Metabolism is
cut surface
A. (1) only
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
Volume of Y
13. Which of the following treatment(s) can lead to a greater change in volume of X and Y after
(1) using 5% sucrose solution instead of 10% sucrose solution
(2) using 20% sucrose solution instead of 10% sucrose solution
(3) increasing volume of 10% sucrose solution (Y) in the glass dish
10% sucrose
solution (Y)
all the chemical processes occurring in living cells.
the breaking down of old useless structures in living cells.
C. the building up new tissues in living cells.
D. the replacement of old and useless structures by new ones in living cells.
15. Which of the following substances are normally found in the faeces of a healthy person?
(1) bile pigments
(2) bacteria
(3) dead intestinal epithelial cells
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
16. Cylinders of potato tissue were placed in different concentrations of sugar solution. The
graph below shows the percentage change in length of the cylinders of potato tissue.
What is the water potential of the potato tissue?
concentration of sugar solution (mol)
17. The cell wall of a plant cell is removed using an enzyme. What would happen if this cell is
then placed in distilled water?
A. It would take longer for the cell to become turgid.
Proteins in the cytoplasm would leave through the cell membrane.
C. The cell would become smaller as water passes out.
The cell would burst as water moves into it.
18. The table shows the concentrations of some mineral ions in the root hair of a plant and in the
soil around it.
mineral ion
How are these mineral ions absorbed from the soil by the plant?
active transport
active transport
19. The graph below shows the effect of temperature on activity of an enzyme.
concentration in the root
hair (arbitrary units)
active transport
active transport
Temperature (°C)
concentration in the soil
(arbitrary units)
Which of the followings statements correctly describes the enzyme reaction?
The enzyme is denatured at 0°C and 50°C.
B. The reaction taking place at 50°C is faster than that at 20°C.
C. There are more collisions between substrate and enzyme molecules at 37.5°C than at
D. The amount of product collected at the end of the reaction is greatest if the reaction
takes place at 37.5°C.